A CRITIQUE OF THE LEGAL FRAMEWORKS ON THE ADEQUACY OF LAND COMPENSATION FOR OIL POLLUTION IN NIGERIA: FOCUS ON NIGER DELTA REGION OF NIGERIA

Abstract

The paper examined a critique of the legal frameworks on the adequacy of compensation for
oil pollution on land in the Niger Delta region. The paper found out that Niger Delta region
has been plagued by longstanding issues surrounding oil exploration and land
compensation, stemming from a complex interplay of legal, environmental, and socioeconomic factors. The paper adopted the doctrinal method of legal research with primary
sources of law derived from case laws and legislation, while the secondary sources of
information were distilled from journal articles and internet sources. The paper concluded
that despite the existence of laws and policies aimed at addressing compensation
grievances, such as the Land Use Act, 1978 and the Petroleum Industry Act, 2021,
significant gaps remain in their implementation and enforcement. These gaps have led to
disputes over land ownership, inadequate compensation for affected communities, and
environmental degradation. The paper recommended amongst others strengthening
enforcement, improving transparency, conducting comprehensive impact assessments,
enhancing community participation, and implementing alternative dispute resolution.