TREATMENT OF VICTIMS OF GUN SHOTS IN NIGERIA: ARE MEDICAL DOCTORS LIABLE?

Abstract

Gunshot injuries are now common in many parts of Nigeria. Hospitals often face difficult situations when gunshot victims arrive without money or without a police report. In the past, many hospitals refused to treat such victims because of fear of police trouble, legal risks, or lack of clear rules. This has led to loss of lives and public concern. The Compulsory Treatment and Care for Victims of Gunshot Act 2017 now makes it a legal duty for hospitals and medical doctors to give immediate treatment to any gunshot victim. However, many people still ask whether doctors can be punished or sued if they fail to treat these victims, or if they treat them without first reporting to the police. This paper examines how Nigerian law protects gunshot victims and how it guides medical doctors who attend to them. It reviews the 2017 Act, the Constitution, the National Health Act, medical ethical rules, and court decisions on emergency care. It also looks at newspaper reports and examples from Canada, South Africa, and the United Kingdom. The paper answers the key question of whether medical doctors are legally liable when they treat or fail to treat gunshot victims. The paper concludes with findings and clear recommendations for better protection of victims and guidance for medical practitioners.